How to use fire fighting equipment? How to arrange and calculate fire fighting equipment?

Fire fighting equipment refers to equipment used for fire fighting, fire prevention and fire accidents, and equipment used for professional fire fighting. There are many people who know fire-fighting equipment, but not many people who really know how to use it. Of course, no one wants to encounter a fire accident, but it doesn’t mean that you will not encounter it. You know how to use fire-fighting equipment and know how to use it. Save your life, and control the fire to reduce unnecessary injuries and losses.

What are the uses of these fire fighting equipment?

1. Fire hydrant box

When there is a fire alarm, press the spring lock on the door according to the opening method of the box door, and the pin will automatically withdraw. After opening the box door, remove the water gun and turn the hose tray, pull out the hose, and connect the hose connector at the same time. Connect to the fire hydrant interface, pull out the power switch on the kilometer wall of the box, and turn the indoor fire hydrant handwheel in the opening direction to start sprinkling fire.

2. Fire water gun

The fire water gun is a water jet tool for extinguishing fire, and when it is connected with the hose, it will spray dense and substantial water flow. It has the advantages of long range and large water volume. It is composed of main parts such as a tube interface, a gun body and a nozzle. The DC switch water gun is composed of the ball valve switch and other components of the DC water gun, which can control the water flow through the switch.

3. Hose connection buckle

Hose connection buckle: used to connect the hose, fire truck, fire hydrant, and water gun. In order to deliver a mixture of water and foam for fire extinguishing. It is composed of a body, a sealing ring seat, a rubber sealing ring and a retaining ring, etc. The sealing ring seat is provided with grooves for tying the water belt. It has the characteristics of good sealing, fast and labor-saving connection, and not easy to fall off.

Pipe thread interface: installed at the water inlet end of the water gun, and the internal thread fixed interface is installed on the fire hydrant. At the outlets of fire water pumps and other water outlets; they are composed of a body and a sealing ring, one end is pipe thread, and the other end is internal buckle type. They are used to connect the hose.

4. Fire hose

The fire hose is a hose used for water delivery on the fire site. According to the material, fire hoses can be divided into two types: lined fire hoses and unlined fire hoses. The unlined hose has low pressure, high resistance, easy water leakage, mildew, and short life span. It is suitable for laying on fire sites in buildings. The lining hose withstands high pressure, is resistant to wear and tear, is resistant to leakage, has low resistance, and is durable. It can also be bent and folded at will, moved at will, easy to use, and suitable for laying on external fire sites.

5. Indoor fire hydrant

A fixed fire fighting tool. The main function is to control combustibles, isolate combustion-supporting materials, and eliminate ignition sources.

(1) How to use indoor fire hydrant: Open the fire hydrant door and press the internal fire alarm button (the button is for alarming and starting the fire pump).

(2) One person took the gun head and hose and ran towards the fire point.

(3) Another person connects the hose and valve port.

(4) Open the valve counterclockwise and spray water out. Note: Be sure to cut off the power supply for electric fires.

6. Outdoor fire hydrant

A fixed fire-fighting connection equipment installed outdoors, including outdoor above-ground fire hydrants, outdoor underground fire hydrants, and outdoor direct-buried telescopic fire hydrants.

The above-ground type connects water on the ground, which is easy to operate, but it is easy to be impacted and susceptible to freezing; the underground type has a good antifreeze effect, but it needs to build a larger underground well, and firefighters must go to the well to collect water when using it, which is inconvenient to operate. Outdoor direct-buried telescopic fire hydrants are usually pressed back below the ground, and when used, they are pulled out of the ground to work. Compared with the above-ground type, it can avoid collision and has better anti-freezing effect; it is more convenient to operate than the underground type, and the direct-buried installation is simpler.

How to use fire fighting equipment:

1. 8 kg portable dry powder fire extinguisher

Take the fire extinguisher upside down twice to the fire extinguishing site, pull out the safety plug, hold the nozzle with one hand and aim at the root of the flame, and press the handle with the other hand. When extinguishing a fire, it should be thrown out at one time; when using it outdoors, it should stand at the upper wind of the fire source, sweep left and right from near to far, and move forward without letting the flame go back.

2. Portable 1211 fire extinguisher

First pull out the safety pin, then open the pressing handle with one hand, and hold the handle of the horn spray barrel with the other hand, and hold the open pressing handle to spray. (At present, the country is gradually restricting the use, mainly because halogenated alkanes pollute the atmosphere and are harmful to humans.) Now carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are gradually replacing 1211 fire extinguishers, and the method of use is the same as that of 1211 fire extinguishers. But when using carbon dioxide, you must be careful not to hold the nozzle or touch the mouth to prevent frostbite.

3. 35kg cart type dry powder fire extinguisher

Two people operate, one person takes off the spray gun, unfolds the hose, and then pulls the trigger with his hand; the other person pulls out the safety pin of the opening mechanism and quickly turns on the opening mechanism of the fire extinguisher.

4. Foam fire extinguisher

The fire extinguishing fluid of the foam fire extinguisher is composed of aluminum sulfate, sodium bicarbonate and licorice. When extinguishing fire, turn the foam fire extinguisher upside down, and the foam can be sprayed out, covering the fire to achieve the purpose of extinguishing fire. It is suitable for extinguishing the fires of barreled oil products, pipelines and the ground. Not applicable to fires of electrical equipment and precision metal products.

5. Carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher

After gasification, carbon tetrachloride is a colorless, transparent, non-conductive, and denser gas than air. When extinguishing the fire, turn the fuselage upside down, the nozzle is down, and the hand valve is turned on to spray to the flame to extinguish it. It is suitable for extinguishing fires in electrical equipment and valuable equipment. Carbon tetrachloride is highly toxic, and users must stand in the upper air. Indoors, ventilate in time after putting out the fire.

6. Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

Carbon dioxide is a non-conductive gas with a higher density than air. It is a liquid under high pressure in a cylinder. When extinguishing a fire, you only need to flip the switch, and the carbon dioxide will be sprayed onto the fired object in an airflow state to isolate the air and extinguish the flame. It is suitable for small-area fires in places such as precision instruments, electrical equipment, and oil laboratories. When carbon dioxide changes from liquid to gas, it absorbs a lot of heat and the temperature is extremely low (up to -80°C), so frostbite should be avoided. At the same time, carbon dioxide is toxic and should be avoided as much as possible. The fire extinguisher should be handled with care in the process of moving, so as not to explode after collision and deformation.

Portable dry powder fire extinguisher adapts to fire and how to use it

Sodium bicarbonate dry powder fire extinguishers are suitable for the initial fires of flammable, combustible liquids, gases and live equipment; ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishers can be used for the above-mentioned types of fires and can also extinguish the initial fires of solid substances. But none of them can put out a metal burning fire.

When extinguishing a fire, you can quickly rush to the fire with a hand-carried or shoulder-carried fire extinguisher, and put down the fire extinguisher at a distance of about 5 meters from the burning place. If you are outdoors, you should choose to spray in the upwind direction. If the dry powder fire extinguisher used is an external pressure storage type, the operator should hold the spray gun firmly in one hand and lift the opening lifting ring on the gas cylinder with the other hand. If the opening of the gas cylinder is hand-wheeled, unscrew it counterclockwise and rotate it to a higher position, then lift the fire extinguisher. When the dry powder is sprayed out, quickly aim at the root of the flame and shoot. If the dry powder fire extinguisher used is a built-in gas storage cylinder or a pressure storage type, the operator should first remove the safety pin on the opening handle, then hold the nozzle at the front end of the spray hose, and open the pressure handle with the other hand Press down and turn on the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. When using a fire extinguisher with a spray hose or a stored pressure fire extinguisher, always press down the handle with one hand and cannot let go, otherwise the spray will be interrupted.

Dry powder fire extinguishers should aim at the main part of the flame when fighting flammable and flammable liquid fires. If the liquid fire to be extinguished is flowing and burning, aim at the root of the flame from near and far, and sweep from left to right until the flame is completely extinguished. If combustible liquid burns in the container, the user should aim at the root of the flame and sway from side to side so that the jet of dry powder covers the entire surface of the container opening; when the flame is driven out of the container, the user should continue to spray until the flame is completely extinguished . When extinguishing a flammable liquid fire in a container, care should be taken not to directly aim the nozzle at the liquid surface to prevent the impact of the jet from splashing the flammable liquid and expanding the fire, causing difficulty in extinguishing the fire. If the flammable liquid has been burned in a metal container for too long and the wall temperature of the container has been higher than the spontaneous ignition point of the flammable liquid, it is very easy to cause the phenomenon of re-ignition after the fire is extinguished. If it is used in combination with a foam fire extinguisher, the fire will be extinguished. The effect is better.

When using ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishers to put out solid combustible fires, they should be aimed at the violent burning place, and the fire should be shot up and down, left and right. If conditions permit, the user can carry the fire extinguisher and spray along the circumference of the burning material, so that the dry powder extinguishing agent is sprayed evenly on the surface of the burning material until the flame is completely extinguished. How to use the trolley dry powder fire extinguisher The trolley dry powder fire extinguisher is mainly used to extinguish flammable liquids, combustible gases and electrical equipment. The cart-type dry powder fire extinguisher is easy to move, easy to operate, and has a good fire extinguishing effect. Pull or push the fire extinguisher to the scene, hold the powder spray gun with your right hand, unfold the powder spray hose with your left hand until it is straight and cannot be bent or circled, then remove the lead seal, pull out the safety pin, and press it firmly with the palm of your hand Hold the air supply valve, and then hold the powder spray gun barrel holder with your left hand, and use your finger to hold the gun handle to turn the powder spray switch to aim at the flame spray. Keep swinging the powder spray gun forward and left to cover the combustion zone until the fire Fight until it is extinguished.

How to use fire hydrants

Indoor fire hydrant:

The indoor fire hydrant is an interface with a valve for water supply from the indoor fire fighting pipe network to the fire site. It is an indoor fixed fire fighting facility. It is usually installed in the fire hydrant box and used with fire hoses and water guns. The method of use:

1. One person took the gun head and hose and ran towards the fire point.

2. Another person connects the hose to the valve port of the indoor fire hydrant.

3. Open the fire hydrant door.

4. Open the valve counterclockwise and spray water out. (Note: To extinguish electrical fires, make sure that the power supply has been cut off)

Outdoor fire hydrant:

The outdoor fire hydrant is a water supply facility installed on the fire water supply pipe network outside the building. It is mainly used by fire trucks to take water for fire fighting. It can also be directly connected to a hose and water gun to extinguish the fire. Outdoor fire hydrants are divided into two types: above ground and underground. The method of use: 1. Connect the fire hose to the outlet of the outdoor fire hydrant, connect the water gun head, and run to the fire point.

2. Another person slowly opens the fire hydrant valve with a special wrench for outdoor fire hydrants. (Prevent the danger caused by excessive water pressure) 3. In the case of high water pressure, 2 people must cooperate to hold the water outlet (to prevent the excessive pressure water gun from falling off and hurting people).

4. The outdoor fire hydrant fire hydrant valve should be closed after use.